i.n.t.r.o.d.u.c.t.i.o.n
Hello. In this section, you will learn definitions, careers in sports medicine, athletic training, record keeping, terminology, inflammatory response, the effects of head and cold, R.I.C.E. method, and rehabilitation. We'll Start with the basics.


BONE - Used for structure in the body.
Muscle - Used for movement only in contractions
Tendons - Connects muscle to bone
Ligaments - Conects bone to bone
Medicine - The science and art of treating and preventing disease or injury
Sports Medicine - The science and art of treating and preventing disease or injury on people who play sports.
Sports - Any recreation specifically game/competition

Careers in Sports Medicine
Chiropracter, Nutritionist, Psychologist, nurse, physical Therapist, Dr., Trainer





Athletic Training

6 domains of Athletic Training

1. Prevention- Stretch, Fluid Replacement, Equipment, Protection Equipment.

2. Provide Emergency care- splinting a fracture, mobilizing techniques, ice, stablizing injury.

3. Provide support for Injury- Taping, padding, bracing.

4. Perform Tests- as an aidof a diagnosis injury.

5. Rehabilitation- not from 0-100. Gradually take them back to full activity.

6. Education- Inform about the proper way to stretch, and advise on nutrition.


Record Keeping
This is mainly for proof against suits of malpractice and so on.


Terminology
Contusion- direct blow to something(Ex. Bruise)

Hematoma- pooling of blood (Ex. blood blister)

Ecchymosis- discoloration

Sprain- stretching or tearing of a ligament Comes in 3 degrees of severity
1st degree sprain, the ligament is stretched.
2nd degree sprain, the ligament is partially torn.
3rd degree sprain, the ligament is comletly torn.

Strain- stretching or tearing of a muscle/tendon. also comes in 3 degrees.

Dislocation- two bones come out of place/joint. This always makes a sprain.

Suluxation- dislocates and relocation, partial dislocation.

Fracture- break in a bone.


Inflamatory Response

***You can never go wrong with ice, you can with heat.

3 phases
1. Clotting- 48 hours (approx)
2. removal of Debris- depends on the severity
3. Repair of tissue- depends of the severity



Effects of Ice

1. Constricts blood vessel
2. Decrease of Circulation
3. Decrease of nerve conduction velocity(pain)
4. Decrease Local Metabolism
5. Decrease Metabolic waste
6. Decrease Muscle excitability(no spasms)


Effects of Heat

1. Increase circulation
2. Dialate blood vessles
3. Increase local Metabolism(rate) and waste
4. Increased nutrition to area
5. Analgesic (pain reliever) sedative effect


R.I.C.E.
R.--Rest. Months, weeks, days, hours, minutes.

I.--Ice. Clotting phase.

C.--Compression. Pressure on Joint- not allow swelling. Ace Bandages

E.--Elevate. Gravity works against the blood.


Rehabilitation
Goal- Return athlete to pre-injury levels of strength, flexibility, and confidence.(quickly/safely).




S.A.I.D. Principal
S.--Specific

A.--Adaptations

--to--

I.--Imposed

D.--Demands


Strength-muscles
Progressive Resistive Exercizes (PRE's)

Hypertrophy- muscle strengthens

Atrophy- muscle weakens

Isotonic- speed is variable- resistence is constant

Isometric- speed= 0, no movement, resistance=constant

Isokenetic- speed is constant, resistance is Variable. (overloads muscle through entire exercize)


Flexibility

ROM--Range of Motion

Active ROM--Athlete moves the body part.

Passive ROM--Someone moves joint for athlete.

To increase ROM, stretch for 30-45 seconds.

Goniometer-- measures angle of joint flexibility

Proprioception-
The body's spatial awareness and balance.

Functional Activity-
Gradual return to doing things for a sport.



To the Ankle